What is Frac Sand
Frac sand is a high-purity silica sand with very round grains, which is only distributed in a few places around the globe. Frac sand has super compressive property and extremely high roundness. Therefore, frac sand are usually used as as "proppants " pumped into the oil well with fracturing fluid , fills in the rock fracture, and forming a network of pore spaces that allow petroleum fluids to flow out of the rock and into the well.
Proppants used in the petroleum industry must meet very stringent specifications. The size, shape and mechanical strength of proppant will affect the integrity of fracture, thus affecting the outflow of oil and gas from the well.
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Some Features that Made Frac Sand Popular
With the development of hydraulic fracturing technology in petroleum industry, the use of proppant began to increase sharply. Oil frac sand occupies a special place in the market for its superior features and low price advantage. High quality frac sand requires the following characteristics:
- High purity silica sand;
- Frac sand has sufficient compressive strength and wear resistance;
- The density of proppant is relatively low;
- Durability against the crushing force of closed cracks;
- Most frac sand used in the oil and gas industry is between 20-140 mesh.
How Frac Sand Is Processed
Natural frac sand is not used straight from the ground. After mining it is taken to a processing plant. There it is washed to remove unwanted fractions and optimize its performance.
01Sizing & Crushing
Frac sand raw materials are preliminarily screened by vibrating screen to obtain the qualified materials (< 20mesh).
The coarse fractions (> 20mesh) remains on the sieve surface are sent to crusher machine for crushing, and the crushed material is then returned to the vibrating screen for reprocessing.
02Magnetic Separation
< 20 mesh frac sand is separated by magnetic separator to remove impurity iron.
03Scrubbing & Desliming
XS100 removes impurities wrapped on the silica sand surface in the attrition cells, and then removes the sludge and clay particles through the washing unit. In this step, clean frac sand that has been thoroughly cleaned is obtained.
04Drying & Screening
The clean frac sand is fed into large rotating drum dryers for drying, followed by precise separation using a square tumbler vibrating screen. The final product specifications can be controlled at 20, 40, 70 and 140 mesh as required.
05Effluent Recycling
LZZG specializes in utilizing gravity thickeners to collect and treat the overflow water generated in the frac sand production line, and generally 80-90% of the wastewater can be reused.
06Solids Management
The slurry in the underflow of the gravity thickener can be dewatered by a filter press to produce dry filter cakes, and the process water can be immediately reused.
Popular Applications
With more than 30 years of sand washing industry experience, we have design and build over 20 frac sand plants for our customers. We provide all processes of the frac sand processing.
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